Time Required
15 minutes. Try to make time to do this practice once per week, focusing on a different person each week. It might help to do this practice at the same time each week—before bed each Sunday evening, say, or at lunch every Friday.
How to Do It
1. Take a moment to think about an important relationship in your life, such as a romantic relationship or close friendship.
2. Think back to where and how you met this person.
3. Consider the ways in which you might never have met this person and never formed a friendship or relationship—for example, if you hadn’t decided to go to a certain party, taken a certain class, or moved to a certain city.
4. Write down all of the possible events and decisions—large and small—that could have gone differently and prevented you from meeting this person.
5. Imagine what your life would be like now if events had unfolded differently and you had never met this person. Bring to mind some of the joys and benefits you have enjoyed as a result of this relationship—and consider how you would feel if you were denied all of them.
6. Shift your focus to remind yourself that you did actually meet this person and reflect upon the benefits this relationship has brought you. Now that you have considered how things might have turned out differently, appreciate that these benefits were not inevitable in your life. Allow yourself to feel grateful that things happened as they did and this person is now in your life.
Why You Should Try It
It’s easy to take the important people in our lives for granted, but research suggests that if we experience and express gratitude for them, our relationships will be stronger and our lives will be happier. This exercise is designed to stoke feelings of gratitude for one of these people—such as a romantic partner or close friend—by asking you to think about what your life might have been like had you never met him or her. By getting a taste of their absence, you should be able to appreciate their presence in your life more deeply—without actually having to lose them for real.
Why It Works
Mental subtraction counteracts our tendency to take positive events in our lives—such as meeting a great person—as givens. When we consider the circumstances that led to a chance encounter, we may be surprised by how unlikely that meeting actually was, and how lucky we were that it happened as it did. While it can be painful to think about not having met someone close to us, this scenario provides a negative contrast against which our current situation can be favorably compared.
Evidence That It Works
Koo, M., Algoe, S. B., Wilson, T. D., & Gilbert, D. T. (2008). It's a wonderful life: Mentally subtracting positive events improves people's affective states, contrary to their affective forecasts. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 95(5), 1217.
Participants were asked to think about what their lives would have been like if a positive event, such as meeting a romantic partner, had never happened; other participants either simply thought about the event or thought about how it was not surprising that the event had happened. The participants who practiced “mental subtraction”—they considered their lives without the positive event—reported feeling more positive states and more gratitude than the other participants did.
For More
For a variation on this practice in which you consider life without a positive event from your past, consider this version of the “mental subtraction” practice.
Quick Description
Imagining a life without our most dear relationships can help us remember how valuable they are. Do you tend to take things for granted? Take our Gratitude quiz to find out:
Comments
and Reviews
Daviis
This was the first exercise that clicked with me. I enjoyed thinking positively about how meaningful certain individuals are in my life. It’s helpful to think about what you might be taking for granted.
Zivio!
I did this a few days after the Mental Subtraction of Positive Events which was very effective and lifted my feelings of true gratitude. I think because of the similarity of exercise this one wasn' tquite as effective for me as it very well could have been had I done it first.
Tasha Greenwood
I did this as a journal entry about my husband. To be honest, I was a bit annoyed with him at the time of starting it. However, halfway into it and I could myself filling with love and gratitude! He walked in halfway through the exercise and I immediately put my arms out for a hug and said I love you. (: